{"id":27668,"date":"2015-09-11T08:36:54","date_gmt":"2015-09-11T07:36:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/?p=27668"},"modified":"2016-05-16T21:16:43","modified_gmt":"2016-05-16T20:16:43","slug":"la-voiture-on-na-rien-invente-de-mieux-pour-tuer-la-ville","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/2015\/09\/11\/la-voiture-on-na-rien-invente-de-mieux-pour-tuer-la-ville\/","title":{"rendered":"La voiture: on n&rsquo;a rien invent\u00e9 de mieux pour tuer la ville"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Europe et Etats-Unis ont assist\u00e9 \u00e0 une transformation consid\u00e9rable de leurs espaces urbains dans le courant du 20\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Le changement le plus rapide et le plus radical s\u2019y est op\u00e9r\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1950, \u00e0 la faveur de la re-structuration de nombreux quartiers pour le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019autoroutes, de parkings, d\u2019\u00e9quipements publics vari\u00e9s (et de leurs parkings), et parfois, d\u2019ensembles de logements collectifs (et de leurs parkings). <!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Ce faisant, c\u2019est une vraie refonte de la trame viaire qu\u2019on a pu y observer, avec la disparition de nombreux itin\u00e9raires directs entre deux points dans la ville, et la multiplication des coupures entre quartiers. Alors qu\u2019on loue souvent les ann\u00e9es 1950, 1960 et 1970 pour les grands projets d\u2019infrastructures que les trois d\u00e9cennies ont autoris\u00e9s, on oublie souvent les plaies b\u00e9antes que cela a occasionn\u00e9, marquant durablement nombre de quartiers, et y r\u00e9duisant nettement la qualit\u00e9 de vie. Avant, on avait des places, des squares\u00a0; apr\u00e8s, on eut des ronds-points, des carrefours\u2026<\/p>\n<p>On aurait pu illustrer cette catastrophe urbaine avec des images a\u00e9riennes avant\/apr\u00e8s de Bruxelles, Li\u00e8ge, Anvers ou Charleroi. L\u2019<a class=\"spip_out\" href=\"http:\/\/iqc.ou.edu\/2014\/12\/12\/60yrsmidwest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Institute for Quality Communities de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Oklahoma l\u2019a fait pour des grandes villes am\u00e9ricaines<\/a>. Le travail de sape de la qualit\u00e9 urbaine y appara\u00eet avec une sinistre acuit\u00e9. Jugez plut\u00f4t&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27669\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba1.jpg\" alt=\"ba1\" width=\"600\" height=\"303\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27670\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba2.jpg\" alt=\"ba2\" width=\"600\" height=\"296\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Cincinnati, 1955 (en haut) et 2013 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27671\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba3.jpg\" alt=\"ba3\" width=\"600\" height=\"297\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27672\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba4.jpg\" alt=\"ba4\" width=\"600\" height=\"292\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Cleveland, 1952 (en haut) et 2014 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27673\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba5.jpg\" alt=\"ba5\" width=\"600\" height=\"296\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27674\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba6.jpg\" alt=\"ba6\" width=\"600\" height=\"297\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Columbus, 1953 (en haut) et 2014 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27675\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba7.jpg\" alt=\"ba7\" width=\"600\" height=\"303\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27676\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba8.jpg\" alt=\"ba8\" width=\"600\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Detroit, 1951 (en haut) et 2010 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27677\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba9.jpg\" alt=\"ba9\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27678\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba10.jpg\" alt=\"ba10\" width=\"600\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Indianapolis, 1958 (en haut) et 2014 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27679\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba11.jpg\" alt=\"ba11\" width=\"600\" height=\"293\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27680\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba12.jpg\" alt=\"ba12\" width=\"600\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Kansas City, 1955 (en haut) et 2014 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27681\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba13.jpg\" alt=\"ba13\" width=\"600\" height=\"296\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27682\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba14.jpg\" alt=\"ba14\" width=\"600\" height=\"296\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Milwaukee, 1955 (en haut) et 2014 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27683\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba15.jpg\" alt=\"ba15\" width=\"600\" height=\"292\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27684\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba16.jpg\" alt=\"ba16\" width=\"600\" height=\"293\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Minneapolis, 1953 (en haut) et 2014 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27685\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba17.jpg\" alt=\"ba17\" width=\"600\" height=\"298\" \/><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27686\" src=\"http:\/\/carfree.fr\/img\/2015\/09\/ba18.jpg\" alt=\"ba18\" width=\"600\" height=\"296\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Saint Louis, 1952 (en haut) et 2013 (en dessous) (cr\u00e9dits : Institute for Quality Communities)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Benjamin Assouad<br \/>\nSource: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iewonline.be\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.iewonline.be\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Europe et Etats-Unis ont assist\u00e9 \u00e0 une transformation consid\u00e9rable de leurs espaces urbains dans le courant du 20\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Le changement le plus rapide et le plus radical s\u2019y est <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/2015\/09\/11\/la-voiture-on-na-rien-invente-de-mieux-pour-tuer-la-ville\/\">Lire la suite&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":277,"featured_media":32083,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[52,165,77],"tags":[1709,171,463,53,774,35,97,34],"views":10555,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27668"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/277"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27668"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27668\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32083"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carfree.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}